圖片來(lái)源：imgarcade.com
研究人員對(duì)人群飲食、體育鍛煉及結(jié)直腸癌之間的關(guān)聯(lián)進(jìn)行研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)，熱狗、培根及其它加工肉類的攝入也會(huì)增加患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而體育鍛煉或能幫助機(jī)體降低這種患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。醫(yī)學(xué)博士Edward L. Giovannucci表示，結(jié)直腸癌是一種非常常見(jiàn)的癌癥，目前有報(bào)道顯示，很多人患這種癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低，本文研究同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)，飲食和生活方式在個(gè)體患結(jié)直腸癌上扮演著非常重要的角色。這項(xiàng)研究中研究人員評(píng)估了全球多項(xiàng)研究飲食、體重及體育鍛煉影響結(jié)直腸癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的報(bào)告，他們共對(duì)99項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)行了分析，其中涉及2900萬(wàn)人，其中有超過(guò)25萬(wàn)人群都被診斷為結(jié)直腸癌。
其它增加結(jié)直腸癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的因素還包括：1）大量攝入紅肉（每周500g以上），比如牛肉或豬肉等；2）過(guò)重或肥胖；3）大量喝酒（30g以上），比如啤酒和葡萄酒等。
利用膳食纖維、體育鍛煉和全谷類食物降低患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
研究報(bào)告結(jié)果表明，每天攝入大約90g全谷類食物就能夠降低個(gè)體17%的患結(jié)直腸癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這同時(shí)也增加了此前研究人員的研究結(jié)果，即攝入含有膳食纖維的食物能夠降低個(gè)體患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；研究者表示，進(jìn)行更多體育鍛煉的人或許患結(jié)直腸癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更低，幫助抑制結(jié)直腸癌的多種途徑對(duì)于機(jī)體整體健康都非常重要，比如維持健康體重、適度鍛煉、限制紅肉和加工肉類的攝入、攝入全谷類食物和纖維都會(huì)明顯降低個(gè)體患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，此外，每周限制飲酒或吸煙同樣也會(huì)降低個(gè)體患結(jié)直腸癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
新出現(xiàn)的證據(jù)：魚(yú)類、水果和蔬菜等
研究人員指出，飲食和結(jié)直腸癌患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間或許也存在一定關(guān)聯(lián)，目前有少量證據(jù)顯示，非淀粉類蔬菜和水果攝入水平較低或和個(gè)體患結(jié)直腸癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加有關(guān)；而且攝入魚(yú)肉和含有維生素C的水果也能夠降低患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，比如橘子、草莓和菠菜等。研究者Alice Bender說(shuō)道，后期我們還將繼續(xù)深入研究，并且利用全谷類食物來(lái)替代日常所攝入的細(xì)糧，同時(shí)較多攝入一些植物性地食物，比如水果、蔬菜和豆類等，這或許能夠?yàn)闄C(jī)體提供癌癥預(yù)防的效果，同時(shí)有效控制機(jī)體體重也顯得非常重要。
原始出處：
Report: Whole grains decrease colorectal cancer risk, processed meats increase the risk
Eating whole grains daily, such as brown rice or whole-wheat bread, reduces colorectal cancer risk, with the more you eat the lower the risk, finds a new report by the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) and the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF). This is the first time AICR/WCRF research links whole grains independently to lower cancer risk.
Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Colorectal Cancer also found that hot dogs, bacon and other processed meats consumed regularly increase the risk of this cancer. There was strong evidence that physical activity protects against colon cancer.
"Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, yet this report demonstrates there is a lot people can do to dramatically lower their risk," said Edward L. Giovannucci, MD, ScD, lead author of the report and professor of nutrition and epidemiology at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. "The findings from this comprehensive report are robust and clear: Diet and lifestyle have a major role in colorectal cancer."
The new report evaluated the scientific research worldwide on how diet, weight and physical activity affect colorectal cancer risk. The report analyzed 99 studies, including data on 29 million people, of whom over a quarter of a million were diagnosed with colorectal cancer......
